"Moves in the field" are a range of other moves in which skating skills are demonstrated. They include spirals, spread eagles, and hydroblading, in which a skater moves over the ice with his or her body in a very low position, often almost horizontal to the surface. Step sequences and moves in the field are often used to link major elements like jumps, spins and lifts.

Pre-Preliminary Moves in the Field

Forward Perimeter Stroking

The skater will perform four to eight straight strokes depending on the length of the ice and the strength of the skater, with crossovers around the ends, using the full ice surface and for one full lap of the rink (in both directions). Introductory steps are optional.

Focus: Power and extension

Basic Consecutive Edges

• Forward outside edges
• Forward inside edges
• Backward outside edges
• Backward inside edges

Starting from a standing position the skater will perform four to six half circles, alternating feet, using an axis line such as a hockey line. The skater may start each set on either foot, but they must be skated in the order listed.

Focus: Edge quality

Forward Right and Left Foot Spirals

The skater will perform right foot and left foot spirals down the length of the rink maintaining a spiral position on each foot for approximately four seconds with extended leg held at the hip level or higher. The skater may be on flats and may start on either foot. Introductory steps are optional.

Focus: Extension

Waltz Eight

The skater will perform the waltz eight, using large circumference circles, completing two patterns on each foot, performed with control. This move may start on either foot. Introductory steps are optional or may begin from a standing start. The skater may mark the center.

Focus: Edge quality

Preliminary Moves in the Field

Forward and Backward Crossovers

The skater will perform forward crossovers in a figure eight pattern. It is expected that the skater will perform the transition between circles on one foot. Four to six crossovers per circle are recommended. Upon completing the forward figure eight, the skater will perform a swing roll and change of edge to an open mohawk in order to turn from forward to backward and continue the figure eight pattern with four to six backward crossovers per circle. This move may start in either direction. Introductory steps are optional.

Focus: Power

Consecutive Outside and Inside Spirals

The skater will perform right foot and left foot spirals. The outside edge spirals will be skated for the first length of the rink. Forward crossovers may be utilized (optional) around the end of the rink. Forward inside edge spirals will be skated for the second length of the rink. The exact number of spirals will depend on the size of the rink and the strength of the skater, however a minimum of four spirals down each length of the rink must be skated. The extended leg in the spiral should be held at hip level or higher. Introductory steps are optional.

Focus: Extension and edge quality

Forward Power Three-Turns

The skater will perform forward outside three-turns to a balance position followed by a backward crossover. Three to six sets of three-turns will be skated depending on the length of the ice surface. Skaters may begin this move with either right or left foot three-turns. On the second length of the rink, the three-turns will be skated on the opposite foot. Introductory steps and backward crossovers around the end of the rink are optional.

Focus: Power

Alternating Forward Three-Turns

Starting from a standing position the skater will perform alternating forward outside three-turns for the width of the rink. The skater will then perform forward inside alternating three-turns for the second width of the rink. The size of the rink and strength of the skater will determine the number of three-turns skated. This move may start on either foot.

Focus: Edge quality

Forward Circle Eight

The skater will push from a standing start onto a forward outside edge and complete one forward outside figure eight. Upon returning to center at the completion of the second circle, the skater will perform a forward inside figure eight by pushing onto a forward inside edge, thereby repeating the previously skated circle. The circles should be equal in size with each circle approximately three times the skater’s height. The skater may mark the center. This move may start on either foot.

Focus: Edge quality and continuous flow

Alternating Backward Crossovers to Backward Outside Edges

The skater will perform alternating backward crossovers to backward outside edges in consecutive half circles for one length of the rink. Four or five lobes should be skated. Introductory steps are optional.

Focus: Power and extension

Pre-Juvenile Moves in the Field

Forward and Backward Perimeter Power Stroking

The skater will perform four alternating forward crossovers separated by strong forward inside edge transitions. The end pattern consists of two forward crossovers followed by a LFO open stroke; then a RFI open mohawk followed by one or two backward crossovers. All end pattern steps should be performed with an even cadence except the LFO open stroke, which should be held for two counts. The second side of the pattern resumes with four backward crossovers separated by two-foot transitions, also known as a power push. Skaters should take care to perform the transitions on two solid inside edges. The second end pattern consists of three to five backward crossovers. Introductory steps are optional.

Forward focus: Power and extension
Backward focus: Power and edge quality

FO-BI Three-Turns in the Field

The skater will perform forward three-turns alternating to backward three-turns covering the length of the rink. One length of the rink will start with RFO-LBI three-turns. The number of sets of three-turns will depend on the length of the rink and the strength of the skater. On the second length of the rink, the skater will perform LFO-RBI three-turns. The end sequence and the introductory steps are optional. This move may start on either foot.

Focus: Edge quality

FI-BO Three-Turns in the Field

On one length of the rink, the skater will perform RFI-LBO three-turns. On the other length of the rink, the skater will perform LFI-RBO three-turns. The number of sets of three-turns will depend on the length of the rink and the strength of the skater. The end sequence and the introductory steps are optional. This move may start on either foot.

Focus: Edge quality

Forward and Backward Power Change of Edge Pulls

The skater will perform consecutive power change of edge pulls — FIO to FOI — for the full length of the rink followed by backward change of edge pulls — BOI to BIO — for the second full length of the rink. The skater will change feet at the center of the rink. The end sequence and the introductory steps are optional. This move may start on either foot.

Focus: Power

Backward Circle Eight

The skater will push from a standing start onto a backward outside edge and complete one backward outside figure eight. Upon returning to center at the completion of the second circle, the skater will perform a backward inside figure eight by pushing onto a backward inside edge, thereby repeating the previously skated circle. The circles should be equal in size with each circle approximately three times the skater’s height. The skater may mark the center. This move may start on either foot.

Focus: Edge quality and continuous flow

Five-Step Mohawk Sequence

Starting from a standing position, the skater will perform forward crossovers progressively increasing in foot speed and acceleration throughout the entire move, from a slow, but gradually accelerating pace to fully accelerated crossovers. As the skater accelerates, the circle circumference increases. Power circles are performed in both counterclockwise and clockwise directions. It is recommended that no more than 15 crossovers be utilized in completing each portion of this move. This move may start in either direction.

Focus: Power

Juvenile Moves in the Field

Stroking: Forward Power Circle

Focus: Power

Stroking: Backward Power Circle

Starting from a standing position, the skater will perform backward crossovers progressively increasing in foot speed and acceleration throughout the entire move, from a slow, but gradually accelerating pace, to fully accelerated crossovers. As the skater accelerates, the circle circumference increases. Power circles are performed in both counterclockwise and clockwise directions. It is recommended that no more than 15 crossovers be utilized in completing each portion of this move. This move may start in either direction.

Focus: Power

Eight-Step Mohawk Sequence

The skater will perform two eight-step mohawk sequences counterclockwise. The step order is: Forward crossover into a LFO mohawk, followed by LBI, RBO, LBI cross forward and RFI. The skater should maintain a march cadence (one beat per step). Between the circles is a two-beat left foot transition. The sequence is then repeated twice in the opposite direction. Introductory steps are optional. This move may start on either foot.

Focus: Quickness and power

Forward and Backward Free Skate Cross Strokes

The skater will perform free skate cross strokes the length of the ice surface. Forward cross strokes will be skated for one length of the rink and backward cross strokes skated for the second length of the rink. Introductory steps and end patterns are optional. This move may start on either foot.

Focus: Power

Backward Power Three-Turns

The skater will perform three to five backward power three-turns per circle in a figure eight pattern. One complete figure eight is required. A one or two-foot glide may be utilized when changing circles. Introductory steps are optional. This move may start in either direction.

Focus: Power

Forward Double Three-Turns

The skater will perform consecutive backward double three-turns on half circles with alternating feet. Four to six half circles will be skated depending on the length of the rink and strength of the skater. The sequence begins with backward outside double three-turns covering the first length of the rink. The backward inside double three-turns will cover the second length of the rink. Introductory steps and end patterns are optional.

Focus: Edge quality and extension

Intermediate Moves in the Field

Backward Double Three-Turns

Focus: Edge quality and extension

Spiral Sequence

The skater will begin with a LFO spiral that should be held until the long axis of the rink. The skater then brings the free leg down into a RFI open mohawk and steps wide with a two-foot power push transition to a backward right over left crossover. The skater will then push into a LBO spiral to be held until the long axis of the rink. Skater must step immediately into a RFI spiral. The free leg will drop into a RFI mohawk and lift again into a LBI spiral, also to be held until the long axis. Optional steps to repeat pattern in opposite direction starting with RFO spiral. Note: All spirals should be sustained with an extended free leg to demonstrate the skater’s form and flexibility. Introductory steps are optional. This move may start on either foot.

Focus: Extension and edge quality

Brackets in the Field Sequence

The skater will perform two sets of turns on half circles (RFO-LBI) down approximately half the length of the rink. Continuing down the remaining length of the rink the skater then will perform two sets of turns (LFO-RBI) with an optional step to transition to the LFO edge. Once completed, the entire sequence is repeated, performing two sets of turns (LFI-RBO) down approximately half the length of the rink. The skater then performs two sets of turns (RFI-LBO) down the remaining length of the rink with an optional step to transition to the RFI edge. Introductory steps are optional. This move may start in either foot; the FO/BI brackets will precede the FI/BO brackets.

Focus: Edge quality

Forward Twizzles

Forward outside twizzles: The skater will begin from a standing start with a LFO roll, forward cross stroke to a RFO twizzle which ends on RBI after 1½ revolutions. The skater will then step LFO to complete the set. Three twizzle sets are to be repeated across the width or down the length of the rink, and they should be repeated on the opposite foot in the same manner. Forward inside twizzles: For the second part of the move, the skater will begin from a standing start with a LFI roll to a RFI twizzle which ends on RBO after 1½ revolutions. The skater will then step LFI to complete the set. Three twizzle sets are to be repeated across the width or down the length of the rink, and they should be repeated on the opposite foot in the same manner. This move may start in either direction.

Focus: Turn execution and continuous flow

Inside Slide Chassé Pattern

The skater will perform four alternating patterns of inside slide chassés preceded by backward power three-turns. The pattern should cover the entire length of the rink. Introductory steps are optional.

Focus: Edge quality and extension

Novice Moves in the Field

Inside Three-Turns/Rocker Choctaws

The move should be skated across four semi-circles down the long axis of the rink. The first two lobes consist of forward inside and backward inside three-turns and the second half of the move will consist of rocker/choctaw sequences. Four to five ‘sets’ of each turn per lobe are recommended. The skater will begin with RFI3-LBI3 sets repeated four to five times (depending on rink size). After the last LBI3 the skater should step RFI and begin the second lobe with a LFI3-RBI3 set and repeat in the same manner. To transition to the rocker/choctaw sequences, the skater should perform LFI mohawk and change edge to RBO crossing in front. The third lobe begins with a LBI rocker/LFI closed choctaw set repeated four to five times (depending on rink size). After the last choctaw and cross front, the skater should step RFI and perform a RFI mohawk and change edge to LBO cross forward. The fourth lobe consists of RBI rocker/RFI closed choctaw sets repeated four to five times. Introductory steps are optional. This NOVICE 1 INSIDE 3-TURNS/ROCKER CHOCTAWS move may start in either direction.

Focus: Power and quickness

Forward and Backward Outside Counters

The skater will perform forward outside counters followed by two backward free skating cross strokes to a backward outside counter. Each backward counter is then followed by two forward free skating cross strokes to a forward outside counter. The skater has the option of starting the first length with either the right or left forward counter. The second length will be performed with forward and backward outside counters on the opposite foot. The introductory steps and complete loop are optional.

Focus: Edge quality and power

Forward and Backward Inside Counters

The skater will perform forward inside counters followed by two backward inside rolls to a backward inside counter. Each backward inside counter is then followed by two forward inside rolls to a forward inside counter. The skater has the option of starting the first length with either the right or left forward counter. The second length will be performed with forward and backward inside counters on the opposite foot. The introductory steps and the end patterns are optional.

Focus: Edge quality and power

Forward Loops

The move may be skated across the width or down the length of the rink and begins from a standing start. The skater will begin with a LFO swing roll to prepare for the first RFO loop. The skater then pushes into a LFO loop when returning to the axis. This is repeated twice. After the last LFO loop the skater should perform a RFI chassé to prepare for a LFI loop. This loop is followed by a push into a RFI loop. These loops are also repeated twice to complete the move. This move may start on either foot.

Focus: Edge quality and continuous flow

Backward Rocker Choctaw Sequence

The skater will perform a backward inside rocker-choctaw followed by a deep backward outside edge. This sequence is performed in six to eight consecutive half circles on alternating feet. The introductory steps are optional. This move may start on either foot.

Focus: Edge quality, extension and power

Backward Twizzles

Backward outside twizzles: The skater will begin with a LFO three-turn changing edge into a LBO double twizzle with a two-foot push to assist the twizzle rotation. The skater then steps forward into a RFO three-turn, changing edge into a RBO double twizzle, completing a ‘twizzle set’. Each ‘twizzle set’ is performed three times down the length of the rink. Backward inside twizzles: The second part of the move begins with a RFI mohawk whose exit edge is the entry for a LBI double twizzle. The skater then steps on a RFI edge into a LFI mohawk whose exit edge is the entry for a RBI double twizzle, completing a ‘twizzle set’. Each set is performed three times down the length of the rink. This move may start in either direction. Introductory steps and end pattern are optional.

Focus: Turn execution and continuous flow

Junior Moves in the Field

Forward and Backward Outside Rockers

The skater will perform forward outside rockers followed by two backward cross strokes to a backward outside rocker. This backward outside rocker is followed by two forward outside cross strokes to a forward outside rocker. The skater has the option of starting the first length with either the right or left forward rockers. The second length will be performed with the FO BO rockers on the opposite foot. There should be two forward and two backward rockers. Note: This move may start in either direction. The introductory steps and end sequence of steps are optional.

Focus: Edge quality and power

Forward and Backward Inside Rockers

The skater will perform forward inside rockers followed by backward inside rolls to a backward inside rocker. This backward inside rocker is followed by forward inside rolls to a forward inside rocker for the length of the rink. The skater has the option of starting the first length with either the right or left forward rockers. The second length will be performed with the forward and backward inside rockers on the opposite foot. There should be two forward and two backward rockers. The introductory steps and end sequence of steps are optional.

Focus: Edge quality and power

Power Pulls

The skater will perform a sequence of three power pulls followed by two quick twisting rockers. This sequence is then repeated consecutively down the entire diagonal of the rink. It is then performed on the opposite diagonal of the rink on the other foot. There should be a total of three to four sequences per foot. The introductory and end steps are optional. This move may start on either foot.

Focus: Power and quickness

Choctaw Sequence

The skater will perform a choctaw sequence that covers the entire diagonal length of the rink and which is then repeated on the second diagonal. This sequence is performed with two consecutive choctaws that are then performed in the opposite direction. Introductory steps are optional. This move may start in either direction.

Focus: Edge quality and power

Backward Loop Pattern

Backward outside loops: The skater begins from a standing start with a LFO3 into three backward inside rolls. The last backward inside roll is followed by a RBIO change of edge into a RBO loop. The skater then performs a change of edge to push LBI into three more backward inside rolls followed by a LBIO change of edge into a LBO loop. This sequence should be repeated twice down the length of the rink. Backward inside loops: For this side of the move the skater begins from a standing start with a RFI3 into three backward outside cross strokes. The third cross stroke is immediately connected to a LBOI change of edge into a LBI loop. The skater then performs a change of edge to push into three more backward outside cross strokes, beginning with RBO. The third cross stroke is immediately connected to a RBOI change of edge into a RBI loop. This sequence should be repeated twice down the length of the JUNIOR 5 BACKWARD LOOP PATTERN arena. This move may start in either direction

Focus: Edge quality and continuous flow

Straight Line Step Sequence

The skater begins from a standing start with two open strokes R and L. The skater will perform a RFO rocker and cross forward to LBI rocker, which enters immediately into a LFI counter. Next is a RBO double twizzle, stepping forward into a LFO chassé to LFO swing counter. The counter is immediately followed by a cross in front to RBI, followed by three clockwise toe steps and another cross in front RBI. The skater then steps forward onto LFI and changes lobe with a 1½ revolution RFI twizzle followed immediately by an edge pull to change edge into a RBI double-three. Finally, the skater pushes into a LBI rocker followed by a LFI rocker, and then a RBI loop. Sequence is to be repeated starting on the other foot. This move may start in either direction.

Focus: Edge quality and continuous flow

Senior Moves in the Field

Sustained Edge Step

The skater will powerfully perform a backward inside three-turn to a sustained swing change of edge followed by a forward inside rocker, stepping to a backward inside double three-turn. Backward crossover steps follow this sequence. This pattern is then repeated to cover the entire surface of the rink. The skater will then repeat this step in the opposite direction. Introductory steps are optional. This move may start in either direction.

Focus: Edge quality and power

Spiral Sequence

The skater begins with a series of spirals, transitioning from a RBO spiral to a RFI spiral through the use of a RBO3 that is parallel to the long barrier of the rink. The free leg is then lowered into a RFI open mohawk and steps wide with a two-foot power push transition into two backward right over left crossovers. The skater steps onto a LFI and then immediately onto a RFI-RBO spiral sequence, again transitioning between spirals with a RFI3. The skater then does a cross stroke behind LBO swing roll followed by a RFO triple three-turn. Then step LFI into a RFI3, followed by a step forward into a LFO crossover and finally a LFO spiral. The pattern is repeated in the opposite direction, and transition steps are optional. (Note: All spirals should be sustained with an extended free leg to demonstrate the skater’s form and flexibility). This move may start in either direction. Introductory steps are optional. SENIOR 2 SPIRAL SEQUENCE

Focus: Extension and edge quality

BO Power Double Three-Turns to Power Double Inside Rockers

The skater will perform backward outside power double three-turns, then complete a power pull to backward inside double rockers. These rockers are immediately followed by another power pull. This sequence is repeated consecutively down the entire diagonal of the rink. The skater will then perform the same step using the opposite foot down the opposite diagonal of the rink. Introductory steps are optional. This move may start on either foot.

Focus: Power and quickness

BI Power Double Three-Turns to Power Double Outside Rockers

The skater will perform backward inside power double three-turns, then complete a power pull to backward outside double rockers. These rockers are immediately followed by another power pull and the sequence is then repeated consecutively down the entire diagonal of the rink. The skater will then perform the same step using the opposite foot down the opposite diagonal of the rink. Introductory steps are optional. This move may start on either foot.

Focus: Power and quickness

Serpentine Step Sequence

The skater begins with a RFO3 followed by a LBO double three-turn. The free leg then crosses in front for a RBI. This edge is followed by three clockwise toe steps and another cross in front RBI. Next the skater will step forward onto a LFO edge and perform a 2½ revolution RFI twizzle, ending with a LBO cross stroke behind three-turn. This turn will initiate a series of quick mohawk turns followed by a quick LBI. Next is a RBI counter into a RFI rocker. The skater steps LBI then a step-wide into RBI rocker, RFI mohawk, LBI bracket sequence. The skater should then simultaneously cross behind and reverse arm position to do RFI bracket into RBO counter, followed by a LFO cross front, RFI cross behind. The final part of the sequence is an open RFI/ closed LBO choctaw sequence followed immediately by a RFI counter, then push to LBI double twizzle, and finishes with a RBI loop. Optional steps take the skater to the repeat of the sequence in the opposite direction without stopping. The skater has the option of starting in either direction. Introductory steps are optional.

Focus: Edge quality and continuous flow

Adult Pre-Bronze Moves in the Field

Forward Perimeter Stroking

Focus: Continuous flow, strength and extension

Basic Consecutive Edges

Forward outside edges
Forward inside edges
Backward outside edges
Backward inside edges

Starting from a standing position, the skater will perform four to six half circles, alternating feet, using an axis line such as a hockey line. The skater may start each set on either foot, but they must be skated in the order listed.

Focus: Edge quality

Forward Right and Left Foot Spirals

Focus: Extension

Waltz Eight

The skater will perform the waltz eight, using large circumference circles, completing two patterns on each foot, and performed with control. This move may start on either foot. Introductory steps are optional or may begin from a standing start. The skater may mark the center.

Focus: Edge quality

Forward and Backward Crossovers

The skater will perform forward crossovers in a figure eight pattern. It is expected that the skater will perform the transition between circles on one foot. Four to six crossovers per circle are recommended. Upon completing the forward figure eight, the skater will perform a swing roll and change of edge to an open mohawk in order to turn around and continue the figure eight pattern with four to six backward crossovers per circle. This move may start in either direction. Introductory steps are optional.

Focus: Continuous flow and strength

Adult Bronze Moves in the Field

Forward and Backward Perimeter Power Stroking

Focus: Continuous flow and strength

Forward Power Three-Turns

Focus: Continuous flow and strength

Alternating Backward Crossovers to Backward Outside Edges

Focus: Continuous flow and strength

Forward Circle Eight

Focus: Edge quality and continuous flow

Five-Step Mohawk Sequence

The skater will perform alternating forward inside mohawks, skated in consecutive half circles. Each series consists of a five-step sequence. The skater will skate one length of the ice with four or five lobes. Introductory steps are optional.

Focus: Edge quality and extension

Adult Silver Moves in the Field

Eight-Step Mohawk Sequence

Focus: Quickness, continuous flow and strength

Forward and Backward Free Skate Cross Strokes

Focus: Continuous flow and strength

FO-BI Three-Turns in the Field

The skater will perform forward three-turns alternating to backward three-turns covering the length of the rink. One length of the rink will start with RFO-LBI three-turns. On the second length of the rink, the skater will perform LFO-RBI three-turns. Introductory steps and end sequence are optional. This move may start on either foot.

Focus: Edge quality

FI-BO Three-Turns in the Field

On the first length of the rink the skater will perform RFI-LBO three-turns. On the second length of the rink the skater will perform LFI RBO three-turns. Introductory steps and end sequence are optional. This move may start on either foot.

Focus: Edge quality

Consecutive Outside and Inside Spirals

The skater will perform right foot and left foot spirals. The forward outside edge spirals will be skated for the first length of the rink. Forward crossovers may be utilized (optional) around the end of the rink. Forward inside edge spirals will be skated for the second length of the rink. The exact number of spirals will depend on the size of the rink and the strength of the skater; however, a minimum of four spirals down each length of the rink must be skated. The extended leg in the spiral should be held at hip level or higher. Introductory steps are optional.

Focus: Extension and edge quality

Forward and Backward Power Change of Edge Pulls

The skater will perform consecutive power change of edge pulls — FIO to FOI — for the full length of the rink followed by backward change of edge pulls — BOI to BIO — for the second full length of the rink. The skater will change feet at the center of the rink. Introductory steps and end sequence are optional. This move may start on either foot.

Focus: Continuous flow and strength

Adult Gold Moves in the Field

Stroking: Forward Power Circle

Starting from a standing position, the skater will perform forward crossovers progressively increasing in foot speed and acceleration throughout the entire move, from a slow, but gradually accelerating pace to fully accelerated crossovers. As the skater accelerates, the circle circumference increases. Power circles are performed both in counterclockwise and clockwise directions. It is recommended that no more than 15 crossovers be utilized in completing each portion of this move. This move may start in either direction.

Focus: Continuous flow and strength

Stroking: Backward Power Circle

Starting from a standing position, the skater will perform backward crossovers progressively increasing in foot speed and acceleration throughout the entire move, from a slow, but gradually accelerating pace to fully accelerated crossovers. As the skater accelerates, the circle circumference increases. Power circles are performed both in counterclockwise and clockwise directions. It is recommended that no more than 15 crossovers be utilized in completing each portion of this move. This move may start in either direction.

Focus: Continuous flow and strength

Forward Double Three-Turns

The skater will perform consecutive forward double three-turns on half circles, with alternating feet. Four to six half circles will be skated depending on the length of the rink and strength of the skater. The sequence begins with forward outside double three-turns covering the first length of the rink. The forward inside double three-turns will cover the second length of the rink. Introductory steps and end patterns are optional.

Focus: Edge quality

Backward Double Three-Turns

The skater will perform consecutive backward double three-turns on half circles, with alternating feet. Four to six half circles will be skated depending on the length of the rink and strength of the skater. The sequence begins with backward outside double three-turns covering the first length of the rink. The backward inside double three-turns will cover the second length of the rink. Introductory steps and end patterns are optional.

Focus: Edge quality and extension

Backward Circle Eight

Focus: Edge quality and continuous flow

Brackets in the Field

The skater will perform two sets of turns on half circles (RFO-LBI) down approximately half the length of the rink. Continuing down the remaining length of the rink the skater then will perform two sets of turns (LFO-RBI) with an optional step to transition to the LFO edge. Once completed, the entire sequence is repeated, performing two sets of turns (LFI-RBO) down approximately half the length of the rink. The skater then performs two sets of turns (RFI-LBO) down the remaining length of the rink with an optional step to transition to the RFI edge. Introductory steps are optional. This move may start on either foot; the FO/BI brackets will precede the FI/BO brackets.

Focus: Edge quality